Places
A The cosmology is organised around the world-tree Yggdrasil, which according to Grímnismál 31 has three roots, one reaching the Æsir, one the rime-giants, one Niflheim, and in Gylfaginning 15 reaches Urðarbrunnr, Mímisbrunnr, and Hvergelmir. Völuspá 2 mentions "níu man ek heima" (nine worlds I remember), yet the sources give no canonical list of those worlds: Snorri enumerates places in different chapters of Gylfaginning, and the tidy lists in modern handbooks are later systematisations.
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Yggdrasil
The world-tree; ash with three roots reaching the Well of Urd, Mímir's Well, and Hvergelmir.
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Asgard
Dwelling of the Æsir; contains Valhöll, Fólkvangr, Sökkvabekkr, Gimlé and further halls.
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Midgard
The world of humans, fortified by a wall made from Ymir's eyebrows.
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Jötunheimr
Land of the giants, beyond Midgard's wall. Also called Útgarðr in some sources.
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Vanaheimr
World of the Vanir; Njörðr, Freyr, and Freyja come from there.
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Álfheimr
World of the light-elves; given to Freyr as a tooth-gift.
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Svartálfaheimr
Subterranean realm of the dark-elves (and/or dwarves). Snorri sometimes distinguishes it from Niðavellir.
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Niðavellir
"The sunken fields"; realm of the dwarves. Mentioned e.g. in Völuspá 37.
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Niflheimr
Primordial cold, mist, and ice; in the north at the time before time. Hvergelmir is situated here.
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Múspellsheimr
Realm of fire in the south. Dwelling of Surtr; sparks from here become the heavenly bodies.
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Hel
The realm of the dead beneath one of Yggdrasil's roots, ruled by Hel.
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Valhöll
Odin's hall; half of the fallen in battle are borne there by the valkyries.
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Fólkvangr
Freyja's field, where she receives half of the slain.
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Ginnungagap
The yawning void in the time before time, between Niflheim and Muspelheim.
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The Well of Urd
The Norns' well at one of Yggdrasil's roots; here destinies are carved.
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Mímir's Well
The well of wisdom; Odin pawns his eye for a draught.
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Hvergelmir
The seething spring in Niflheim from which Élivágar flow; Níðhöggr gnaws at Yggdrasil's root here.
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Bifröst
The rainbow bridge between Midgard and Asgard; guarded by Heimdallr.
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Iðavöllr
The plain where the gods assemble and build their temples; is found again after Ragnarok.
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Gimlé
The hall that remains after Ragnarok, where the good dwell.